A new CTTI publication investigates the prospective identification of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) risk factors and antibiotic trial eligibility among hospitalized, critically ill patients at seven European hospitals. The study, PROPHETIC EU: Prospective Identification of Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in European and United States Cohorts, published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases, evaluated 888 critically ill patients receiving ventilation or high levels of supportive oxygen and used existing clinical criteria to predict which patients would develop HABP/VABP. The researchers compared these results to those of a prior CTTI study of U.S. patients, finding that a higher proportion of European patients who were treated for possible HABP/VABP met the pneumonia definition compared to their counterparts in U.S. hospitals. The European patients were also more likely to meet common antibiotic trial eligibility criteria. The results could be applied to the development of new strategies to improve registrational trial feasibility and foster the development of much needed new antibacterial treatments for HABP/VABP.